The brand new conclusion analytics of the partner’s and wife’s socioeconomic attributes, relationships expenditures, and you may wife’s empowerment try demonstrated inside Dining table step one

3.2 Relationship practices

Column (1) reports the statistics towards the full decide to try, and you can column (2) reports them on subsample, i.e., spouses that a minumum of one sis and something sis. The new sumple was advertised since the many shorter-setting quote which have a couple of relationships expenditures paid back to the wife’s sisters and you can brothers of the the respective when you look at the-rules can only just getting held into subsample. The average chronilogical age of husbands try forty.six ages. Husbands, on average, finished number 1 degree (5 years), and you will 56% of them are literate. An average age spouses are thirty-five.8 ages. Spouses, normally, did not over primee home account fully for 27% out of overall property surveyed. The average sized farming home for every single household is 3.24 miles, with almost 40% away from house getting landless. Footnote 11 For 39% of one’s wives, their birth community is equivalent to that their husbands, 66% of those are partnered in order to a sister, and you can 17% is actually partnered for the watta satta (fiance change, or virtually, “give–take”). Footnote a dozen All these are novel attributes of relationships during the Punjab, Pakistan. Alternatively, brand new northwestern part of India, and Indian Punjab, could have been generally known for hypergamy, in which wives is actually y contrasts that have endogamy and relative y once the a few household arranging watta satta try not to theoretically to see hypergamy from the exact same big date, and are usually probably to get on the exact same personal group and you can economic position. Wife’s natal family’s domestic income during relationship was PKR 171,695 Footnote 13 on average. It absolutely was responded retrospectively because of the wife and is, thus, most likely subject to keep in mind errors similar to those found in the amount of personal dowry or any other matrimony costs, although money is easier for respondents so you can keep in mind compared to an individual dowry including some situations. I then followed comparable operate to attenuate questionnaire bear in mind errors.

Presumably, remembering each item of their private dowries away from 10 years ago would be tough

The first the main survey asks husbands regarding their ount. Since dowry is famous to help you consist of various products which permit an early couple to start the marriage immediately after marriage, i inquired about the worth of for every product within the dowry. The genuine question is “Generally, in the area, having a household such as for instance yours, what is the estimate value of per goods offered as dowry during the time of brand new daughter’s marriage?” We explicitly asked about dowry as present in their society, or jati (= sub-caste), just like the the audience is selecting the practice of dowry in itself as the better while the individual level of dowry their parents paid. The cure for practical question in the dowry in the neighborhood try gonna express particular information about dowry methods. The answer you are going to report how much cash they would pay money for for each and every product if they’re already undergoing taking an effective dowry on their daughter. Either way, the answer tends to render so much more real tips toward itemized value of dowry. Another area of the questionnaire asks spouses about their personal dowries or any other relationship expenses, i.elizabeth., “Simply how much dowry (bride rates) did your parents (in-laws) promote during the time of your own ounts are utilized about main empirical studies. The brand new correlation coefficient between the individual dowry count and you can society-founded dowry amount are 0.65 (Fig. 3). The https://internationalwomen.net/da/charmdate-anmeldelser/ city-situated dowry matter is higher than the private dowry number repaid by the wives’ parents, that is not stunning considering the alleged expanding pattern about genuine quantity of dowry.