JACKSON AVW (1938) The new identity out-of Mani, the latest maker out of Manichaeism

Haj, Impairment from inside the Antiquity, q

Diary of American Chinese language People 58: 235-forty. Supposed representations out of Mani or Manes, c. 216-276 Ce, was chatted about, that have attention of one’s customs detailed of the al-Nadim (creating c. 987 Le) you to Mani are lame both in legs or in his best leg. You to definitely traditions would-be backed by retranslation out of an expression in the the latest Pahlavi Denkart (step three.200, 1-13) (select Dinkard, above), using the name ‘broken’ or ‘crippled’ so you’re able to Mani (see lower than, al-Nadim, Fihrist, pp. 773, 794).

Right here, considering Michael Dols, he talked about “bodily infirmities including body problems, lameness, paralysis, and deafness and private attributes particularly baldness, leanness, and ugliness

Al-JAHIZ (Abu Othman Amr container Bahr). Al-Barsan wal-Argan wal-Umyan wal-Hawlan [New Lepers, brand new Lame, new Blind, therefore the Squinting], ed. Abdel-Salam Haroun (1998). Cairo. Al-Jahiz (776-868) was a respected, influential and you will notably unsightly blogger having ‘goggle eyes’ (jahiz), on Basra (today inside Iraq), whoever performs has been much quoted along the Arab industry. ” His point was to reveal that “real infirmities and you can peculiarities don’t obstruct an individual away from being a fully active person in the newest Muslim neighborhood or pub him off very important organizations. Al-Jahiz maintained one to actual circumstances are not personal stigmas but they are just what is named signs of divine true blessing otherwise like.” (Meters Dols, 1983, Brand new leper when you look at the Gothic Islamic people. Speculum 58: 891-916, toward p. 901) Even with his or her own exposure to negative social responses, al-Jahiz in another of his ideal-identified really works, ‘The Magic out-of Creation’, wrote harshly about social areas of deafness. Besides the deaf man or woman’s loss of tunes, “Everyone is annoyed in his company and then he was a weight in it. He’s incapable of pay attention to the man’s stories and conversations. No matter if establish it’s as if he was missing, and though live it is since if he were deceased.” (quoted from the F. v., p. 159). Get a hold of 2nd activities. A separate commentator notes one to “Al-Barsan wal-Argan. ” is among the most tough functions by Jahiz, and its own thing is close to novel in historic Arabic literary works. (There will not appear to be an English translation available at present).

JAIN, Jagdish C (1947) Life during the Old India as the Portrayed in the Jain Canons. Bombay: The fresh new Book Team. Infection and you will procedures, also various disabilities, off Jaina source (pp. 178-81). People who have disabilities, and additionally rational retardation, is excluded out-of joining religious commands (194). See Tattvartha Sutra, below; together with second a few activities).

[JAINA Texts] Gaina Sutras interpreted of Prakrit, transl. Hermann Jacobi, 2 vols, (1884 and you may 1895), SBE twenty-two & forty five, Oxford: Clarendon. [New SBE series put an enthusiastic italicised ‘G’ in place of ‘J’, definitely explanations. Right here ‘Gaina’ might have been reinserted on the normal alphabetical purchase to have comfort.] – The fresh Akaranga Sutra (in vol. I), away from possibly the 5th century Ce, gave education getting a holy and you will simple lifetime. Disability and you may handicap come, age.grams. “with the break down of your own perceptions of the ear, attention, areas off smelling, tasting, coming in contact with, a guy gets familiar with the new decline from life” (vol. I: p. 15) [Bk I (2) 1]. Good fresh fruit out-of incorrect serves inside the before lifestyle is actually: “Comes and you can leprosy, application, shedding illness, blindness and you may stiffness, lameness and you may humpbackedness, Dropsy and you can dumbness, browse! apoplexy (?) and you will eyes-state, trembling and crippledness, elephantiasis and you may diabetes, These are the sixteen ailment enumerated from inside the due purchase; and all of them of a lot illnesses and you may wounds can be found.” (I: 54) [Bk We (6) step 1.] Yet , correct-inclined anybody is always to take care to explore inoffensive conditions whenever conference a person with instance standards. It “cannot talk of them along these lines: ‘He ‘s got comes or leprosy, etc [adding the terminology revealed significantly more than]; his give was reduce, otherwise their base, nose, ear canal, lip was slash.’ For given that all of the these people, verbal to such code, be furious, and this, given well, they have to perhaps not consult with them in such words.” (I: 152-53) [Bk II, (4) 2.] – New Uttaradhyayana Sutra (in Vol. II) and additionally notes impairment with ageing, “If for example the human anatomy grows dated, along with your locks transforms light, the effectiveness of your own ears minimizes”, furthermore on attention, nostrils, tongue, contact (II: p. 44) [part X]. – Brand new Sutrakritanga Sutra (from inside the Vol. II) states inside passage the brand new “blind-born guy” (p. 243), and you will “dudes just who walk-on crutches” (p. 269). Monks hankering just after matrimony are cautioned of the dreadful disablement out of you to disease: becoming purchased throughout the out of dawn right until midnight because of the wife, as well as the remainder of the evening soothing infants and you may washing the nappies (pp. 275-78). Monks just who indulge in sensual delights is actually guaranteed nonetheless worse distress after they die; after which it “would-be produced https://internationalwomen.net/no/armeniske-kvinner/ deaf and dumb, or blind [footnote: either blind from the beginning, or certainly dumb or unaware], otherwise dumb by the birth.” (p. 363; equivalent to your pp. 367, 430) [Bk 2 (2); and 2 (7)].